Casing-perforator.



0 E. LAPP & W. H. HARRISON.

CASING PERFORATOR.

APPLICATION FILED MAR.11, 1909.

Patented Nov. 9, 1909.

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CLEMENS ELMER LAPP AND WILLIAM H. HARRISON, OF LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA.

cnsme-rnnronnron Specification of Letters Patent.

Application'file'd-Iarch 11, 1909. Serial No. 482,734.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, CLEMENS E. LAPP and WILLIAM H. HARRISON, citizens of the United States, residing at Los Angeles, in

the county of Los Angeles and State of California, have invented new and useful Improvements in Casing-Ferforators, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to new and useful improvements in casing perforators for use in connection with deep well tubes and the rality of perforating wheels moyable radially with respect to thetool bar and in connection with a structure of this general type, the invention has as a primary object the provision of novel means for automatically settingand releasing the perforating wheels,

the parts being so organized .that the jamming of the tool within the tube is rendered practically impossible.

The invention also includes novel means for adjusting the workingdiameter of the tool to correspond to the different diameters of the pipes which are employed in the practice of the art p 4 v The invention, also includes a novel organization of arts whereby the pressure during the per orating operation is placed upon the tube .or pipe along, at least, four equidistant lines. This action tends to maintain the pipe of true annular cross section, whereas, in a number of devices knownto the art, the arrangement of the perforating punches is such that the annular outline of the casing is distorted into a somewhat oval form during the perforating operation.

The structural details will be set forth at len th in the following description which is to e read in connection with the accompanying drawings wherein is illustrated a preferred and a vantageous embodiment of the invention, and the features which possess novelty and utility will be set forth in the formal claims succeeding the description.-

In the said drawings: Figure l is an elevation of a casing perforator constructed in accordance with the present invention. Fig. 2 is a central longitudinal sectional view of the perforator showing in detail the con- The perforator-includes generally a plu-' struction ofthe novel tool bar. 3 is a similar view showing the manner in WlllCll the tool bar may be employed in connection with swage elements. Fig. 4 is an elevation of the tool bar per 86. Fi 5' is a horizontal section on the line 5-45. 0 Fig, 1, illustrating the relation of the perforator elements. Fig. 6 is,- a horizontal section on the line 66' of Fi 3, illustratingthe relation of theswage e ements.

Similar characters of reference refer .to corresponding parts throughout the several views.

The tool bar upon which all the workin parts are assembled is indicated by the numeral land has its upper end portion suitabl threaded, as at 2, for attachment to a dr' ing tool. The lower end portion of the bar 1, as 3, is of somewhat reduced diameter and is threaded to engage in a heavy conical cap member, as 4, which, by virtue of its form serves as a guide to facilitate the movement of the tool axially of the tube and to prevent the tool from catching against any irregularities on the inner surfagg of the pipe when the tool is being lower At some distance from its lower end the bar 1 is formed with a projecting) flange, as '5, andthe portion of said bar elow said flange is of flat sided cross section, pref erably square as shown at 6, in Figs. 5 and 6. A flat sided cross section is preferred because of the convenience it affords in assembling either perforator or swagin'g tool elements upon said bar and a square outline is preferred because the distribution of the pres sure of the perforatin punches along, at least, four equidistant ines, tends to maintaln the true annular outline of the casing, as above intimated. InFigs. 1, 2 and 5, the bar 1 is employed in connection with perforator elements, which are in themselves of novel construction and relation and which are assembled in a novel relation with respect to the bar 1. The perforating punches, as 7, are prefer ably in the, form of toothed rollers and are mounted slidably, in supportin blocks, as 8, one of which is disposed a jacent each flat face of the bar 1. The blocks 8 are held in such relation by connecting pins or bolts, as 9, which extend through the bar 1 and connect the oppositely located blocks at the upper and lower ends thereof. Each block 8 is formed with a longitudinal slot, as 1O,

Patented Nov. 9, 1909.

between its outer and inner faces and with elongated, outwardly and upwardly inclined slots, as 11, between their side faces. The rollers 7 are disposed in the slots 10 and the pins 12 updn which said rollers are mounted are disposed in the slots 11 and project at each end beyond the sides of the blocks 8. 7

When it is desired to increase the diameter of the tool to correspond to the diameter of the casing, adjusting plates, as 13, are employed, the arrangement thereof being shown more particularly in Figs. 2 and 5. The plates 13 are interposed between each block Sand the adjacent flat face of the bar 1, and are held by the pins orbolts 9 by means of which the blocks 8 are assembled. The plates 13 are each formed with a longitudinal slot 14 which registers with the slot 10 and into which the teeth of the rollers 7 project when said rollers are in certain positions. The bar 1 is formed in its lower portion with 7 four equidistant longitudinal grooves, as 15, which register with the slots 14 and are provided to receive the teeth of the rollers when the latter are in their inner most and lowermost positions. Whether or not the teeth of the rollers will project into the grooves 15 will depend of course on the diamegaer of the rollers and on the presence or abs nce of the adjusting plates. It will be apparent that the plates 13 may be made,

of. any desired thickness in accordance with the diameter of pipe for which the tool is to be adjusted or more than one of the plates 13 may be employed in connection with each block, if necessary, to obtain the desired adjustment.

It will be apparent that as the rollers 7 move upwardly in the'slots 10, they will at the same time move outwardly and radially from the bar 1, by reason of the upward and outward inclination of the slots 11 which are in efi'ect guides and through which are extended the axes 12 of said rollers. In like manner, as the rollers 7 move downwardly in the slots 10, they will at the same time move inwardly and radially with respect to the bar 1. Positive means is provided for accomplishing the upwardor downward movements of the rollers 7 with respect to the bar 1, and such means preferably com- ;prises a collar, as. 16,,slidably mounted upon the upper portion of the'bar 1 and from so as to pass into the spaces between the is desired to replace the rol blocks 8. The pins 12 are detachably'connected to the lower ends of said arms and said pins may be readily removed when it iers by others of larger or smaller diameter. The collar 16 is also connected to ropes, as 19, by means of which the axial movements of the collar and consequently the operative or inoperative positions of the rollers may be controlled.

In Figs. 3 and 6, the bar 1 is shown as employed in connection with swage elements,

as 20, which are in the form of quartervsegments and have their outer faces curved in cross section, as shown in Fig. 6, and longitudinally, as shown in Fig. 3; The curved faces of the segmentsQO are flush with one another and also with the adjacent faces of the flange 5 and cap {member 4 between which said segments are held by pins or bolts, as 9,'which connect the oppositely located segments and extend through the bar 1, similarly to the pins or bolts 9. The segments 20 have thelr inner faces, as 9.1, fiat and'ofthe same size as the flat faces of the bar 1 against which the faces '21 rest. The

provision of the flat faces 21 facilitates the convenient assemblage of the segments 20 and allows of the latter being readily centered with relation to the flat faces of the bar 1. When all the segments 20 are assembled a heavy swaging tool is provided which tapers toward its ends and which is of eatest diameter at its center. This outline allows of the/ready movement of the swage through the casing and prevents the tool from catching against surface irregularities.

The construction of the bar 1 as herein described is of especial advantage in the practice of the art for the reason that the perforating and swaging operations are related, the latter operation usually succeeding the former. Consequently the advantage of the interchangeability.of'the elements which are assembled upon the bar 1 will be readily apparent, it being obvious that the removal of the bolts 9 and the collar 16 and the changing of the tool elements are all that is necessary to change the tool from a perforator to a swage and vice versa, from a swage to a erforator.

In using t e perforator, the ordinary drill- Vhen the perforating.

operation has been completed, the tool, is

raised and as the roller axes move toward the lower ends of the slots 11, the rollers 7 approach one another until they are free from. the sides of the pipe.

lhe perforator may be employed with a 'full set of tools or an additional set of bars,

if needed, and itwill be understood that when the perforator is lowered and the ropes 19 secured so that a relative axial movement of the tool bar and the perforating wheels is produced the wheels are automatically caused to have an outward lateral movement to engage the casing and when the perforator is raised the wheels automatically disengage the casing. By virtue of this automatic engaging and disengaging action in the manner described, the jamming of the tool is rendered practically impossible.

The parts are of simple and inexpensive construction and may be readily and quickly set up, dismantled and, interchanged.

Having fully described our invention, we claim:

1. As a new article of manufacture, a tool bar having flat faces and having apertures extending through the flat faced portion, combined with tool elements, individually seated against said flat faces and coextensive therewith and fastening bolts passed through said apertures and holding said tool elements assembled.

2. As a new article of manufacture, a'tool bar having flat faces, combined with tool elements coextensive with the flat faces and means removably securing said tool elements upon said tool bar and seated against the fiat faces thereof for removal laterally therefrom. I

3. In a casing perforator, in combination, a tool bar, a plurality of radially disposed blocks mounted on said tool bar and provided with upwardly and outwardly inclined guide means, perforating means movably associated with each block and having a pin engaged in said guide means, a member axially slidable on said tool bar and arms connecting said member and said perforating means whereby the latter are moved by the former. I

t. In a casing perforator, in combination, a tool bar, blocks assembled upon the tool bar, perforating means carried by the blocks, and means for adjustably positioning the blocks at desired positions radially away from the tool bar.

5. In a casing perforator, in combination, a tool bar, blocks assembled upon the tool bar, perforating means carried by the blocks said tool bar and provided with upwardly and outwardly inclined slots between their side faces and longitudinal slots between their'inncr and outer faces, perforating rollers disposed in the longitudinal slots, pins carrying the rollers and disposed in the inclined slots, a collar slidably mounted on the tool bar and provided with radially projecting wings and arms pivoted to said wings and carrying said pins. 8. As a new article of manufacture, a tool bar having a projecting flange, and a tool carrying portion. disposed below the flange and-provided with an enlarged conical end, a plurality of tool elements and means for assembling the tool elements on the tool carrying portion, between the flange and the conical end, for lateral removal from said portion.

9. .As a new article of manufacture, a tool bar having a tool carrying portion, a plurality of tool elements assembled upon the tool carrying portion for removal laterallytherefrom, and a conical cap member secured to the end of the tool carrying portion. for removal therefrom independently of the tool elements.

10. In a casingperforator, in combination, a tool bar having a plurality of radially disposed blocks, each provided with an inclined guide slot, perforating rollers having axial pins disposed in the guide slots, a collar surrounding the tool bar for axial movement, and means operated by the collar for producing relative movements of the blocks and the pins to cause the simultaneous radial projection or retraction of the rollers with respect to the blocks.

In testimony whereof we have hereunto set our hands in presence of two subscribing witnesses.

CLEMENS. ELMER LAPP. WILLIAM H. HARRISON. Witnesses:

ALBERT L'PARsoNs, J 011 \V. EBERLE. 

